The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire

 The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire este un ordin cavaleresc al Regatului Unit fondat la 4 iunie 1917 de Regele George V. Ordinul cuprinde cinci clase atât în sectorul civil, cât și cel militar. În ordinea descrescătoare a importanței acestea sunt:

• Knight Grand Cross ori Dame Grand Cross

• Knight Commander sau Dame Commander

• Commander

• Officer

• Member

Pentru ce se acordă MBE, OBE și CBE?

Onorurile au fost create în 1917 de regele George al V-lea în timpul Primului Război Mondial ca o modalitate de a recompensa civilii și militarii în funcții de sprijin pentru contribuția lor la efortul de război.

Acum sunt folosite pentru a recunoaște o realizare sau un serviciu pentru comunitate în orice domeniu, cum ar fi artele, caritatea sau educația.

Potrivit Cabinetului, un CBE este acordat pentru că are un rol proeminent, dar mai mic, la nivel național sau un rol principal la nivel regional. De asemenea, puteți obține unul pentru o contribuție distinsă și inovatoare la orice domeniu.

Un OBE este acordat pentru că are un rol local major în orice activitate, inclusiv persoane a căror activitate le-a făcut cunoscute la nivel național în zona aleasă.

Se acordă un MBE pentru o realizare sau un serviciu remarcabil pentru comunitate.

Acest lucru va avea un impact semnificativ pe termen lung și se va remarca ca exemplu pentru alții.

Ce este Ordinul Imperiului Britanic?

Sistemul britanic de onoruri are de fapt mai multe ordine, în mare parte legate de monarhie, oficiali militari și coloniali.

Dar regele George al V-lea a vrut să umple golul prin crearea unui ordin care să onoreze oamenii normali.

PENTRU CE POATE OBȚINE?

-Făcând o diferență în comunitatea sau domeniul lor de muncă

-Îmbunătățirea reputației Marii Britanii

-Serviciu voluntar pe termen lung

-Inovare și antreprenoriat

-Schimbarea lucrurilor, cu accent pe realizare

-Îmbunătățirea vieții pentru persoanele mai puțin capabile să se ajute singuri

-Arătând curaj moral

• Knight Grand Cross ori Dame Grand Cross

• Knight Commander sau Dame Commander

pot folosi titlul de Sir, pentru un bărbat, sau Dame, pentru o femeie.

Doar britanicii pot folosi titlul de Sir, dar străinilor li se poate acorda un KBE onorific.

Oricine este selectat pentru o onoare va fi invitat să participe la o ceremonie de „învestitură” la o reședință regală unde regina, sau uneori prințul Charles, prințul William sau prințesa Anne, le vor acorda însemnele - o medalie - a ordinului.

Printre oamenii celebri care au respins onorurile se numără David Bowie, care a refuzat un OBE în 2000.

John Lennon este unul dintre puținii beneficiari care au restituit titlul, trimitându-și inapoi MBE în 1969, ca protest împotriva implicării Marii Britanii în războiul civil nigerian.

Actores

• Ellen Terry (GBE 1925)

• Marie Tempest (DBE 1937)

• Irene Vanbrugh (DBE 1941)

• Laurence Olivier (KBE 1947)

• John Gielgud (KBE 1953)

• Margaret Rutherford (OBE 1961, DBE 1967)

• Sidney Poitier (KBE 1974)

• Charles Chaplin (KBE 1975)

• Wendy Hiller (OBE 1971, DBE 1975)

• Vera Lynn (OBE 1959, DBE 1975)

• Richard Attenborough (CBE 1967, KBE 1976)

• Gracie Fields (CBE 1938, DBE 1978)

• Celia Johnson (CBE 1958, DBE 1981)

• Judi Dench (OBE 1970, DBE 1988)

• Maggie Smith (CBE 1970, DBE 1990)

• Elizabeth Taylor (DBE 1999)

• Sean Connery (KBE 2000)

• Julie Andrews (DBE 2000)

• Helen Mirren (DBE 2003)

• Roger Moore (CBE 1999, KBE 2003)

• Angela Lansbury (CBE 1994, DBE 2014)

• Kristin Scott Thomas (OBE 2003, DBE 2015)

• Siân Phillips (CBE 2000, DBE 2016)

• Olivia de Havilland (DBE 2017)

• Alec Guinness (CBE 1955, Knight Bachelor 1959)

• Michael Redgrave (CBE 1952, Knight Bachelor 1959)

• Anthony Quayle (CBE 1952, Knight Bachelor 1985)

• Peter Ustinov (CBE 1975, Knight Bachelor 1990)

• Ian McKellen (CBE 1979, Knight Bachelor 1991)

• Anthony Hopkins (CBE 1987, Knight Bachelor 1993)

• Derek Jacobi (CBE 1985, Knight Bachelor 1994)

• Ian Holm (CBE 1989, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• Michael Gambon (CBE 1990, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• Nigel Hawthorne (CBE 1987, Knight Bachelor 1999)

• Michael Caine (CBE 1993, Knight Bachelor 2000)

• Norman Wisdom (OBE 1995, Knight Bachelor 2000)

• Alan Parker (CBE 1995, Knight Bachelor 2002)

• Alan Bates (CBE 1995, Knight Bachelor 2003)

• Christopher Lee (CBE 2001, Knight Bachelor 2009)

• Patrick Stewart (OBE 2001, Knight Bachelor 2010)

• Ronald Harwood (CBE 1999, Knight Bachelor 2010)

• John Hurt (CBE 2004, Knight Bachelor 2015)

• Billy Connolly (CBE 2003, KBE 2017)

• Emma Thompson (DBE 2018)

• Michael Palin (KBE 2019)

• Simon Russell Beale (KBE 2019)

• Peter Sellers (CBE 1966)

• Vanessa Redgrave (CBE 1967)

• Richard Burton (CBE 1970)

• Michael Palin (CBE 2000)

• Richard Curtis (MBE 1994, CBE 2000)

• Simon Callow (CBE 1999)

• Sam Mendes (CBE 2000)

• Joss Ackland (CBE 2000)

• Richard Briers (OBE 1989, CBE 2003)

• John Wood (CBE, 2007)

• Julie Walters (OBE 1999, CBE 2008)

• Leslie Phillips (OBE 1998, CBE 2008)

• Jonathan Pryce (CBE 2009)

• Catherine Zeta-Jones (CBE 2010)

• Colin Firth (CBE 2011)

• Sheila Hancock (OBE 1974, CBE 2011)

• David Suchet (OBE 2002, CBE 2011)

• Helena Bonham Carter (CBE 2012)

• Kate Winslet (CBE 2012)

• Rowan Atkinson (CBE 2013)

• Benedict Cumberbatch (CBE 2015)

• Imelda Staunton (OBE 2006, CBE 2016)

• Liam Neeson (OBE 1999)

• Robert Carlyle (OBE 1999)

• Jane Seymour (OBE 2000)

• Hugh Laurie (OBE 2007, CBE 2018)

• Ewan McGregor (OBE 2013)

• Damian Lewis (OBE 2014)

• James Corden (OBE 2015)

• Eddie Redmayne (OBE 2015)

• Idris Elba (OBE 2016)

• John Barrowman (MBE 2014)

• Bob Hope (hon. KBE 1998)

• Kevin Spacey (hon. CBE 2010, hon. KBE 2015)

• Pierce Brosnan (hon. OBE 2003)

• Tom Hardy (CBE 2018)

• Charles Dance (OBE 2006)

Scriitori

• Rebecca West (CBE 1949, DBE 1959)

• Daphne du Maurier (DBE 1969)

• Agatha Christie (DBE 1971)

• A. S. Byatt (CBE 1990, DBE 1999)

• Lady Antonia Fraser (CBE 1999, DBE 2011)

• Penelope Lively (OBE 1989, CBE 2001, DBE 2012)

• Hilary Mantel (CBE 2006, DBE 2014)

• Compton Mackenzie (OBE 1919, Knight Bachelor 1952)

• John Betjeman (CBE 1960, Knight Bachelor 1969)

• Terence Rattigan (CBE 1958, Knight Bachelor 1971)

• Stephen Spender (CBE 1962, Knight Bachelor 1983)

• David Lean (CBE 1973, Knight Bachelor 1984)

• William Golding (CBE 1966, Knight Bachelor 1988)

• Kingsley Amis (CBE 1981, Knight Bachelor 1990)

• Martin Gilbert (CBE 1990, Knight Bachelor 1995)

• Alan Ayckbourn (CBE 1987, Knight Bachelor 1997)

• Tom Stoppard (CBE 1978, Knight Bachelor 1997)

• Arthur C. Clarke (CBE 1989, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• Terry Pratchett (OBE 1998, Knight Bachelor 2009)

• Quentin Blake (CBE 2005, Knight Bachelor 2013)

• J. R. R. Tolkien (CBE 1972)

• Frederick Forsyth (CBE 1997)

• Ruth Lea (CBE 2015)

• J. K. Rowling (OBE 2000)

• Florence Onyebuchi "Buchi" Emecheta (OBE 2006)

• Ian Livingstone (OBE 2006)

• Jorge Luis Borges (hon. KBE 1979)

• William Trevor (hon. CBE 1977, hon. KBE 2002)

Sportivi

• Edmund Hillary (KBE 1953)

• Sebastian Coe (MBE 1982, OBE 1990, KBE 2006)

• Stanley Matthews (CBE 1957, Knight Bachelor 1965)

• Bobby Charlton (OBE 1969, CBE 1974, Knight Bachelor 1994)

• Alex Ferguson (OBE 1985, CBE 1995, Knight Bachelor 1999)

• Bobby Moore (OBE 1967)

• Pelé (hon. KBE 1997)

• Alain Prost (hon. OBE 1993

• David Beckham (OBE 2003)

Muzicieni

• Nellie Melba (DBE 1918, GBE 1927)

• Myra Hess (CBE 1936, DBE 1941)

• Georg Solti (hon. CBE 1968, hon. KBE 1971-72, KBE 1972)

• Vera Lynn (OBE 1959, DBE 1975)

• Janet Baker (CBE 1970, DBE 1976)

• Joan Sutherland (CBE 1961, DBE 1979)

• Kiri Te Kanawa (OBE 1973, DBE 1982)

• Yehudi Menuhin (hon. KBE 1965-85, KBE 1985)

• Gwyneth Jones (CBE 1976, DBE 1986)

• Elizabeth Maconchy (CBE 1977, DBE 1987)

• Margaret Price (CBE 1982, DBE 1993)

• Felicity Lott (CBE 1990, DBE 1996)

• Shirley Bassey (CBE 1994, DBE 2000)

• Emma Kirkby (OBE 2000, DBE 2007)

• Mitsuko Uchida (DBE 2009)

• Felicity Palmer (CBE 1993, DBE 2011)

• Michael Tippett (CBE 1959, Knight Bachelor 1966)

• Peter Pears (CBE 1957, Knight Bachelor 1978)

• Charles Mackerras (CBE 1974, Knight Bachelor 1979)

• Colin Davis (CBE 1965, Knight Bachelor 1980)

• Harry Secombe (CBE 1963, Knight Bachelor 1981)

• Peter Maxwell Davies (CBE 1981, Knight Bachelor 1987)

• Edward Downes (CBE 1986, Knight Bachelor 1991)

• Donald McIntyre (MBE 1977, CBE 1985, Knight Bachelor 1992)

• Malcolm Arnold (CBE 1970, Knight Bachelor 1993)

• Simon Rattle (CBE 1987, Knight Bachelor 1994)

• Cliff Richard (OBE 1980, Knight Bachelor 1995)

• George Martin (CBE 1988, Knight Bachelor 1996)

• Paul McCartney (MBE 1965, Knight Bachelor 1997)

• Elton John (CBE 1996, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• John Eliot Gardiner (CBE 1990, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• Richard Rodney Bennett (CBE 1977, Knight Bachelor 1998)

• Thomas Allen (CBE 1989, Knight Bachelor 1999)

• James Galway (OBE 1977, Knight Bachelor 2001)

• Mick Jagger (Knight Bachelor 2002)

• Willard White (CBE 1995, Knight Bachelor 2004)

• John Tomlinson (CBE 1997, Knight Bachelor 2005)

• John Dankworth (CBE 1974, Knight Bachelor 2006)

• Tom Jones (OBE 1999, Knight Bachelor 2006)

• George Shearing (OBE 1996, Knight Bachelor 2007)

• Van Morrison (OBE 1996, Knight Bachelor 2015)

• Rod Stewart (CBE 2007, Knight Bachelor 2016)

• Ray Davies (CBE, 2004, Knight Bachelor 2017)

• Ringo Starr (MBE 1965, Knight Bachelor 2018)

• Julian Bream (OBE 1964, CBE 1985)

• Christopher Hogwood (CBE 1989)

• Barry Gibb (CBE 2002, Knight Bachelor 2018)

• Olivia Newton John (OBE 1979, DBE 2019)

• Maurice Gibb (CBE 2002)

• Robin Gibb (CBE 2002)

• David Gilmour (CBE 2003)

• Sting (CBE 2003)

• Eric Clapton (OBE 1995, CBE 2004)

• Brian May (CBE 2005)

• Michael Nyman (CBE 2008)

• Robert Plant (CBE 2009)

• Bryan Ferry (CBE 2011)

• Kate Bush (CBE 2013)

• Jacqueline du Pré (OBE 1976)

• Ian Wallace (OBE 1983)

• Albert Hammond (OBE 2000)

• Lulu (OBE 2000)

• Mark Knopfler (OBE 2000)

• Sade Adu (OBE 2002)

• Jimmy Page (OBE 2005)

• Joe Cocker (OBE 2007)

• Kylie Minogue (OBE 2008)

• Annie Lennox (OBE 2011)

• Damon Albarn (OBE 2016)

• Ed Sheeran (MBE 2017)

• John Lennon (MBE 1965)

• George Harrison (MBE 1965)

• PJ Harvey (MBE 2013)

• Adele (MBE 2013)

• Eugene Ormandy (hon. KBE 1976)

• Arthur Rubinstein (hon. KBE 1977)

• Riccardo Muti (hon. KBE 2000)

• Ravi Shankar (hon. KBE 2001)

• Ann Murray (hon. DBE 2002)

• Plácido Domingo (hon. KBE 2002)

• Bono (hon. KBE 2007)

• M.I.A. (MBE 2019)

• Elvis Costello (OBE 2019)

• Nick Mason (CBE 2019)

• Roger Taylor (OBE 2019)

• Regina Martinelli (CBE 2019)

• Lautaro Martinelli (OBE 2019)

• Elaine Paige (OBE 1995)

• Jeff Lynne (OBE 2020)

• Dizzee Rascal (MBE 2020)

• Joan Armatrading (CBE 2020)

• Craig David (MBE 2021)

Onorifice

Daniel Barenboim Argentina /Israel /KBE 2011/ Pianist and conductor

Jorge Luis Borges Argentina/ KBE tbd/ Poet and writer

Alfred Brendel Austria/ KBE 1989/ Pianist

Plácido Domingo Spain / KBE 2002/ Opera singer; awarded for contributions to music and charity work

Antal Doráti Hungary/ KBE 1983

Maurice Druon France / KBE 1999

Douglas Fairbanks Jr. United States / KBE 1949/ In recognition of his work on behalf of Anglo-American amity, particularly as chairman in the United States of the Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe.

Bernard Haitink Netherlands/ CH2002/ Musical director of the Royal Opera House

Bernard Haitink Netherlands /KBE 1977/ Principal Conductor, London Philharmonic Orchestra for his enormous contribution to the artistic life of this country

Bob Hope United States/ KBE 1998/ Entertainer, for contribution to Anglo-American friendship He had lost British nationality in 1920.

Magnus Magnusson Iceland/ KBE 1989/

Ferdinand Meldahl Denmark/ GCVO 1904/ Chamberlain to the King of Denmark and Vice President of the Royal Academy of Arts, Copenhagen.

Yehudi Menuhin United States/ Switzerland/ KBE 1965 /Became a British national in 1985. Appointed a substantive Member of the Order of Merit in 1987.

Spike Milligan Ireland/KBE 2001

Ettore Modigliani Italy/ KBE 1930

Arnaldo Momigliano Italy/KBE 1974 Arts/Entertainment

Ann Murray Ireland / DBE 2002

Riccardo Muti Italy/ KBE 2000

Eugene Ormandy - United States/ KBE 1976/ Conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra, for contribution to Anglo-American friendship

Ignacy Jan Paderewski -Poland/ GBE 1925 Politics/Government

Mstislav Rostropovich - United States KBE 1987 In 1990 he regained Russian citizenship, and held dual US/Russian citizenship.

Arthur Rubinstein United States/ KBE 1977

Ravi Shankar India/ KBE 2001

Georg Solti Germany/ KBE 1971/ Musical Director, Covent Garden Opera Company Became a British national in 1972 and knighthood became substantive.

Kevin Spacey United States/ KBE 2015 /Previously appointed Honorary CBE 2010.

Steven Spielberg United States / KBE 2001/ Award-winning director credited with "doubling of cinema admission in the UK since the early 1980s"

Bono Ireland / KBE 2007/ Humanitarian U2 lead singer and social activist for services to the music industry and humanitarian work.

Angelina Jolie / United States, Cambodia DCMG 2014/Humanitarian For services to the United Kingdom's foreign policy and for campaigning to end sexual violence in war zones